Wednesday, July 31, 2019
Alternate Ending †Animal Farm Essay
Years passed. The short animal lives fled by. The time where few remembered the days before the Rebellion, except Clover, Benjamin, Moses the raven and a number of pigs. Many of the old animals have died. Few remain. Napoleon started reintroducing the very instillations of terror, the whips, knives, et cetera. The animals were surprised, yet terrified to do anything to defend, hearing the tales of slaughter from their elders. However, it was the perfect time for a certain pig. Snowball’s only son, Frosty, had lived – by being disguised as one of Napoleon’s son. He was suspected at the start, having quite a few close calls, but he soon found his true friends and comrades, and decided to set out to acomplished what his father had begun – the Rebellion upon Manor Farm. He had chosen this day to begin his operation to remove the brainwashing Napoleon had implanted upon the animals. The very night, he held a meeting where only himself, a few pig, with half the convinced brood of dogs with the rest of the animals. No one could doubt him, seeing their present life would definitely go downhill, without any changes. In just a few meetings, the animals were convinced and decided, on a certain day, they would rebel against their newest masters – the pigs. Napoleon recently had nightmares, dreaming about a time where he would be banished, exiled to the nearby woods. His conscience had been pricking him urgently, yet he dismissed it as unimportant, irrelevant. Little did he know what was coming. The day came. The animals took on the dogs easily due to the element of surprise and large numbers and the pigs were very much defenceless by themselves. The traitors were not killed, but exiled, just as vividly as the dream Napoleon had. One thing is for sure, it would not end here, yet. There was much to be changed ; The commandments were restored, the animals’ lives became similar to what Snowball had depicted, and an easier life is to come. But there still was much to be done – Frosty would see to that.
Tuesday, July 30, 2019
The Person Who Changes My Perception About Writing
Alvinston anak Henry Stephen Ms Bobbi Olsen ENGL 150-Writing: Rhetoric The Person who Changes My Perception about Writing Writing is one of the medium that people use to communicate and express their ideas to other people. It has already been used since prehistoric time even though it is just through drawing but it has helped human to understand what has happened during that time and slowly after billions of years we have advanced to this globalized world that enable us to write in many different type of language and present our writing. Nowadays, through writing alone we can earn money.For example, Harry Potter author J. K. Rowling. In just a blink of an eye she became millionaire through her fiction book which has attracted people regardless their age. I learned how to write when I was in kindergarten or pre-school. That time I was around four years old. Everything is so mysterious to me because I was forced to learn a new language that is English. As for me, English is my third la nguage. The process of learning English is really annoying and difficult as I have to memorize and understand the meaning of each word. Moreover, the grammar makes it worse.That time, my brain only can focus on playing and joking around with my childhood friends. No one would care about the importance of writing when they were still a child. That goes the same for me. Luckily at home I have my parents and elder brother that help me with any task that is given by the teacher. Each of them has their own positive impact on my writing. But the person that has the biggest influence on my writing is my English teacher when I was in my primary school. I used to address her as Sister Wee. That is what everyone called her since she is a nun.She is a typical Chinese that have that pairs of famous small Chinese-looking eyes. She taught me English for six years since I was seven until twelve years old. Along that period of time, I have countless of unforgettable memory with her. Sister Wee was forty plus years old when I first met her. She is as fierce as the tiger even though she looked like an angel with her silky white nun habit. Even the car that she drove is white! I guess it is a Chevrolet coupe small model and I used to name it ‘The Unicorn’ because it has one huge antenna attached on the side of its hood.One funny thing about her is that she wears a pair of big spectacles that makes her looked like an old grandma and a nerd which is a hilarious scene for me every day. Her voice when she screams really can break glass into million pieces. The frequency is a bit high compared to an average person when they screamed. But that is good criteria as a teacher that as it makes me more alert in the class as I tend to get sleepy in the class. She was the one that taught me more in depth about writing.Without her guidance I would not be able to write a good essay because through her I learned how to construct a paragraph, what kind of information that I should i nclude in my paragraph and many other knowledge on writing that have been programmed and installed automatically in my brain throughout the years. I really enjoyed the moment when she entered the class and started to speak to the students. Because she was taught by some British nun when she was small, she had that British slang with her. Her strong and thick British accent is the reason why I enjoyed the class.Even sometimes my classmates and I try to imitate the way she speaks. That’s the funniest part since speaking in British accent need time to practice and we tend to make our conversation sounded so wrong. It just sounded like a dog trying to speak to a cat. But, imitating another person action is one of the ways how humans learned a new skill. It is so funny remembering the good old days. She was always into literature. Almost every day during class time she will read out some poem in which I always considered a waste of time as all my classmates tends to get sleepy hea ring that unrecognized, complicated and meaningless sentences.Just imagine how a child that is around seven years old can understand such a well-written poem by the infamous William Shakespeare. At that time I hardly can grasp the meaning of the sentence that is being used in poetry, but I know that the writer must be a really remarkable person especially in linguistic as they know how to manipulate and use words differently in their writing. The way how they wrote amazed me even until today. Through that method, she had unconsciously provoked my writing instinct and interest that has been buried and locked within myself.The only thing that I really hate about is the punishment that she gives to students. Every time the students make simple mistakes on grammar or spelling she will pinch their stomach, pull their ears or can them with ‘Rotan’. ‘Rotan’ is a type of climbing palms species that is so durable and elastic that always being used by teacher in my c ountry to punish students. Even I not excluded to get canned by her ‘Rotan’. Even though punishment is made to act as a reminder and to discipline a person but I really don’t agree using brutal force and physical torture will do any good.As a child, being punished really causes psychological effect on me. It makes me really afraid to study under her because always being haunted by the punishment that she will give if I accidently make any mistake in my writing. Despite all that, I still appreciate her guidance as she had taught me so much basic skills that I need to know about writing in English. That is why she is the person that had the most impact and influence on my writing. Her strictness in class is one of the main key points that I would say really had large impact on my writing.I always try to prevent making any stupid mistakes especially on grammar and spelling in my writing to avoid the punishment. I never thought in the end it will produce such a wonde rful result on the way how I wrote and expressed my ideas in my writing. She had helped me on how to develop my ideas each time I going to write an essay. That is really crucial as every essay must have a topic sentence and it must be clear so that the reader can know what the writer is writing about. Sister Wee also has makes me love reading. Since small, I extremely hate reading.I always run away every time my parents ask me to sit down and do some reading. But after I entered her class, I found that reading is important because it will help me to improve my grammar and vocabulary. She advised me to read some simple story book and slowly advance to next level. One month after that, I ended up reading a newspaper instead of simple story books. That was a shock event even for me because that time I was only a playful seven years old kid that can perfectly read and pronounce each and every word in the newspaper without making any mistake.Reading has remarkably helped me lot on improv ing my writing. This is how I improved greatly on my grammar and vocabulary. By reading books, we will unconsciously getting used to the correct way of writing a sentence and we will tend to write in the same manner accordingly to the memory that we had on our reading. Every time I encounter problem on my reading material, I always consulted her and ask about her advice. Other than that, every time I get my assessment paper back after she has graded it, I will surely read all the comment that she wrote about my essay and try o think about my mistakes and what should I do in order to improve my writing. Sometimes, she even talked to me individually about my writing and explains to me more in depth on what I should do to make my essay better and interesting to read by the readers. The way how she spoke and wrote really shows and proved that she had all the criteria that an English teacher should possessed. That is why I always considered her as my icon. One of her meaningful words tha t until today I still remembered, â€Å"Writing is the most powerful form of communication that we have in this world.We can do a lot of things with our writing. †Now, I really agreed to what she had said back then. It does make sense because writing helps us to communicate with deaf and dumb people. Other than that, writing also one of the tools that nationalist use to provoke nationalism. Just imagine with words alone nationalist can unify all the citizens that comes from different ethnics and religion to fight for independence of their country. Even to the extent of provoking a war! It has never come across my mind that writing has that much of power.Now, the knowledge and ability that I have on writing is basically all being gained from he. She is now almost reaching sixty years old. She currently lives in the convent about one hour drive from my house. I did manage to visit her before I came to United States to further my study. She was a bit shocked when out of a sudde n one of her naughty student came and visited her. I chatted with her for few hours about my life and what I have been through all these years. She was really interested looking on how I have been grown up from a naughty boy into a young man.Last piece of advice she gave to me, â€Å"You really make me feel proud as a teacher and don’t ever forget to go to church and pray when you are in difficulty because God is always here with us. †Droplets of tears flows down on my cheek when I walked out of the convent while trying to embrace the advice she had given to me. Nowadays I truly thanked her for all her endless guidance and teaching during my process of learning English. Without her teaching, I would not be able to go this far and writing an essay would be a troublesome task for me.
Monday, July 29, 2019
Accounting Theory Of Mavis Ltd
Allocated fixed overhead†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 8.00 Total unit of subassembly†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 30.00 8.Why is the distinction between relevant and non-relevant costs so important for Decision making in Cost and Management Accounting?       9.Equipment to be used in producing the order has a book value of $2,000. The equipment has no other use for Lansing Company. If the order is not accepted, the equipment will be sold for $1,500. If the equipment is used in producing the order, it can be sold in three months for $800. 10.If the special order is accepted, the operations will require some of the storage space in the company’s plant. If the space is used for this purpose, the company will rent storage space temporarily in a nearby warehouse at a cost of $18,000. The building depreciation allocated to the storage space to be used in producing the special order is $12,000. (1.5 marks) 11.If the special order is accepted, it will require a Subassembly. Lansing Camera can purchase the subassembly for $24.00 per unit from an outside supplier or make it for $30.00 per unit. The 330.00 per unit was determined as follows: Allocated fixed overhead†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 8.00 Total unit of subassembly†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 30.00 12.Why is the distinction between relevant and non-relevant costs so important for decision making in Cost and Management Accounting? 13.Equipment to be used in producing the order has a book value of $2,000. The equipment has no other use for Lansing Company. If the order is not accepted, the equipment will be sold for $1,500. If the equipment is used in producing the order, it can be sold in three months for $800. 14.If the special order is accepted, the operations will require some of the Storage Space in the Company’s plant. If the space is used for this purpose, the Company will rent storage space temporarily in a nearby warehouse at a cost of $18,000. The building depreciation allocated to the storage space to be used in producing the special order is $12,000. 15.If the special order is accepted, it will require a subassembly. Lansing Camera can purchase the subassembly for $24.00 per unit from an outside supplier or make it for $30.00 per unit. The 330.00 per unit was determined as follows: Allocated fixed overhead†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 8.00 Total unit of subassembly†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 30.00                                           16.Why is the distinction between relevant and non-relevant Costs so important for decision making in cost and Management Accounting? 1.Computation of budgeted factory overhead rate for Department Alpha. Budgeted Factory Overhead Rate ($225,000/$180,000)  2.Computation of budgeted factory overhead rate for Department Bet Budgeted Factory Overhead Rate ($180,000/40,000) The total overhead cost of Job 100 is Rs. 78,250/- WN-1: Calculation of factory overhead: 4.It is possible to have different overhead allocation rates. The possible reasons for using different allocation rate by Mavis Ltd. could be to split overhead costs in most appropriate and justifiable manner by using different cost pools. As this approach results in more fine-tuned allocations and costing. As in the above case, department alpha is using direct labour cost for allocation of factory overhead because it could be a labour intensive department and most of the tasks are done by labour. So, using labour cost as allocation rate is more appropriate. Whereas, the department beta could be machine intensive department, an The relevance of each of the following items in computation of the costs of the special order is as follows: 5.The book value of equipment to be used in producing the order of $2,000 is a sunk cost and therefore it is irrelevant for the decision. The relevant cost of the equipment is $ 700, i.e. $1,500 (sale value of equipment now, if the order is not accepted) Less $800 (sale value of equipment after 3 months, after producing the equipment). 6.The $12,000 building depreciation allocated to the storage space to be used in producing the special order is irrelevant that means the company will going to incur it irrespective of the fact whether the special order is accepted or not. So, it is a sunk cost. Further, the relevant cost is $18,000 which the company is going to incur only for the special order, if accepted. 7.The purchasing cost of subassembly is $24 per unit whereas if the company made it in house it will cost $22 calculated as below: Allocated fixed overhead of $8 is irrelevant for the special order as the company will incur this overhead irrespective of the fact whether the special order is accepted or not. So, from above it is clear that, the company should make the subassembly instead of purchasing it from outside. 8.The distinction between relevant and non-relevant costs is determined to ascertain the profitability of different alternatives available with the management. There are some costs which remain the same irrespective of the alternative chosen, these costs are irrelevant costs and hence are ignored while decision making, while the costs which changes or have impact on alternative chosen are treated as relevant costs. For ex, for the decision of making a particular product in house or purchasing it from outside, there may be come costs which the company has to incur in both the alternatives, is treated as irrelevant costs. 9.Calculation of Unit Contribution Margin Unit Contribution Margin            =            Sales – Variable Cost                                                                =            $5,595 – $899-$233                                                                =            $4,463 10.Calculation of breakeven point in units Breakeven Point                              =            Fixed Cost / Unit contribution Margin                                                                =            $2,352,000/$4,463                                                                =            527 units Calculation of breakeven point in dollars Breakeven Point                              =            Fixed Cost / Unit Contribution Margin * Sales Price                                                                =            $2,352,000/$4,463 * $5,595 11.Desired level of sales if the company plans to increase fixed costs by 5 percent and achieve a desired before-tax profit of $200,000 is 598 units amounting to $3,345,810 calculated as follows: Current Fixed costs                                                        =            $2,352,000 Proposed Fixed Costs (2,352,000*105%)                               =            $2,469,600 Desired Profit                                                                   =            $ 200,000 Total Contribution Margin                                           =            $2,669,600 Units to be sold (2,669,600/4,463)                           =            598 Sales value (598*5,595)                                                =            $3,345,810 12.If the company’s income tax rate is 22 per cent, then 570 units (Sales value 3,189,649) are required to be sold to achieve an after-tax profit of $150,000. Managers uses break even analysis to determine the point of sales or the number of units required to be sold to recover all the costs incurred, meaning thereby to determine the level of sales where the company is having no profit or no loss. Thus, it also helps management in decision making. 13.Calculation of Contribution margin per unit of service Charges per night           =            $50 Variable expense            =            $20 Contribution                     =            $30 14.Calculation of Contribution-margin ratio Contribution Margin Ratio          =            contribution margin / sales                                                                =            $30/$50                                                                =            60% 15.Calculation of annual break-even point in units of service and in dollars of service revenue Annual break-even point in units ($42,000/$30) Annual break-even point in dollars of service revenue ($42,000/60%)
Sunday, July 28, 2019
Real world negotiation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Real world negotiation - Assignment Example At the same time, he walked towards the exit threatening to leave. Afraid to lose a sale, Chris called him back and requested him to be patient. Josh offered Chris R.200 for the shoes. However, after much bargaining, the two were approaching an agreement at R.300 for the black shoes. Josh changed his mind almost immediately, claiming that he liked the grey shoes more and would buy them if Chris offered him a free water-bottle. Chris sold him the grey pair of shoes along with the water-bottle for R.300. The â€Å"lowball/ highball†tactic is used to make the other party move towards the resistance point. The tactic is used majorly in business negotiations, where the purchasing party quotes an extremely low price to induce the seller to lower the opening offer. In the above situation, Josh’s asking price was R.200, which was much lower than the seller’s price of R.500. Eventually, the tactic paid off since Josh eventually convinced Chris to sell the shoes to him at R.300.Therefore, this situation fulfills the lowball/highball tactic of negotiation. In this case, an emotional ploy is used to force the other party into bending their will towards the intimidator’s likeness (Ghauri, Pervez and Usunier 90).When used in any negotiation, the intimidator will feign an emotion such as anger to make the other party do what they want out of fear/panic. In this situation, Josh dropped the shoes and threatened to leave the store. The act of anger intimidated Chris, forcing him to call Josh back for a better negotiation. The intimidation tactic worked perfectly for Josh. The â€Å"aggressive behaviour†tactic is used to force the other party to make concessions to reach an agreement (Ghauri, Pervez and Usunier 91). Josh uses this tactic when he notifies Chris that he does not want to waste time, and also when he asks him to explain the high price of R. 500. In this case, the tactic was not helpful as Chris does not bother explaining how he obtained his
Where Are We From Chineese culture and society Essay
Where Are We From Chineese culture and society - Essay Example It is always your environment and surrounding that helps an individual to develop and the physical and moral attributes that one possesses is generally a sheer manifestation of the region and location that individual lives in. In my case, China has contributed a great deal in my personality development as discussed further in this essay The landmass of East Asia is covered with what we call China. We can broadly understand the country in two parts, one being the Eastern and the other being the Western half. The Eastern region can be seen as mostly low fertile lands with mountains and deserts, also including certain subtropical areas (Haggett, pp. 2746-2747). The deserts of this region are quite expansive spread over hundreds of miles. However, its counter region has rolling plateaus that are famous the way they cover that land area. Tibet is present in this part of the world. Talking about the climate of China, many people find it strange when the tops of the mountains in South-Weste rn China remain covered with heavy snow and that too in summer season. During winters, the area is certainly very cold as much as - 40 degrees of Fahrenheit. Being there in this season of the year is a trouble for anyone who belongs to other countries. Nevertheless, the area can be extremely hot in the summer season in the same way. This means that the temperature reaches to 100 degrees of Fahrenheit in extreme summers.... I can explain this citing some personal experiences that I had with a Chinese family living in my neighborhood that had been there for quite a long time. The kids in that family were very friendly and they expressed their interest in learning foreign languages, however, their parents never showed their preference towards this. They wanted to communicate with each other merely in Chinese language and wanted no other culture to have any kind of influence over their day-to-day practices. However, these are very co-operative people, but having a long history of minority groups within their culture, some conflicts might be seen between the Han-dominated communist group of people and the Mongols of the country belonging largely to the Western part of China (Haggett, pp. 2836-2837). Due to a large number of divisions in a multitude of ethnic groups that they are segregated in, all want to have a prestigious place within the society but many of them remain low profile and they have considere d their groups as underprivileged and ignored. Moreover, in my neighborhood, I found most of the people being superstitious. They believed in ancient myths and stories and largely depended upon the consultations of fortunetellers in order to set their future goals or make a decision about their career. The elders in my neighbor used to ask fortunetellers about what career their kids should choose in order to excel and this largely influenced the direction their kids subsequently chose in educational and professional context. Analyzing the whole time that I spent with them, I have certainly adopted and rejected some of their traits. The values of belonging that they show to their own culture and community are something that influenced me the most. Earlier, I seldom bothered
Saturday, July 27, 2019
"Creative Spark" Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
"Creative Spark" - Research Paper Example Through the talk, we are able to gain an in depth perspective on creative confidence while engaging in a number of matters surrounding it. David begins by mentioning that people more often classify themselves as the creative and not creative type. However, according to David, people are born creative but over time the creativity in them is eroded by judgmental persons around them (Kelly & Kelly, 2012). He advances to illustrate his theory using an example of his friend Brian, who at a young age was discouraged from pursuing his artist ambition by a fellow student. He goes ahead to say that many people similarly opt out of thinking and viewing themselves as creative during their childhood and this is attributed to remarks made by teachers and fellow students. Remarks made when they try to be creative dent their confidence. David further tries to present tips on how to eliminate this negative energy. He equates the process of building ones creative confidence to that of overcoming a phobia. He clearly outlines how Albert Bandura, who David terms as the fourth most important psychologist, used a series of step by step procedures to help people overcome their fear of snakes. One needs to overcome fear of the messy unknown, fear of judgment, fear of the first step and fear of losing control to gain creative confidence (Ted Summaries, 2014). The speaker in yet another in depth illustration describes how creativity makes the world a better place. He discusses a technician who by all means is at first deemed not creative but due to a problem he notices at work decides to come up with a solution (Kelly & Kelly, 2012). The solution involves him being creative and developing something that solves the initial problem. He remodeled the MRI by painting it in bright colors with a pirate ship theme so kids would not be terrified of scans. According to David, regaining creative confidence is crucial. It helps one gain a totally new view
Friday, July 26, 2019
Research and prepare a report about how the application of Essay
Research and prepare a report about how the application of gravitational concepts has helped astronomers - Essay Example and even how to calculate the mass of the sun without travelling to them but through application of gravitational laws (Topper, 2012).They have discovered gravitation lensing and even determined the mass of galaxies. More to this is the discovery of Massive Compact Hallo Objects (MACHOs), primarily recognized as brown dwarf stars while some are regarded as black holes (Kyle, 2010). These and others are examples of discoveries that the astronomers have aided by the application of the gravitational concepts. Through gravitational concepts, astronomers have been able to discover the cosmic microwaves whereby in 2002, a team led by Dr. Kovac discovered the polarization of these microwave radiations (Kyle, 2010). Gravitational waves that are produced as a result of moving masses like those of stars or black holes normally described as ‘ripples in space-time’ have been discovered by the astronomers by the use of interferometers which detects these slight changes in space-time (Topper, 2012). Understanding the gravitational waves has helped the astronomers in explaining certain events such as the birth of black holes and the death of stars. They can therefore be able to tell how the universe began as well as what the future holds for us. This has been aided by application of gravitation concepts by astronomers (Longair, 1986) Gravitation lensing is another thing that astronomers have discovered as a result of understanding the gravitational concepts. This is bending of the light rays by a mass object extending far in the sky, which causes these light rays to be focused somewhere else through its gravitational field (Morison, 2008). According to the research done, the greater the quantity of the body, the sturdier the gravitational field created and thus the greater the bending of these light rays will be. Lensing has been useful in verifying the existence of dark matter which is the determinant of how clusters and galaxies form and develop. Astronomers have
Thursday, July 25, 2019
Marketing for Zappos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Marketing for Zappos - Essay Example Consequently, the kind of packaging used should be appealing to the customers especially in their appearance (Stolze, 91). Zappos should also consider the economic and social factors that relate to the environment and the reactions of the targeted consumer groups. A study should be conducted to determine price regulations depending on seasons. Zappos should also analyze the competitive environment and determine the strengths and weaknesses of their competitors. As a result, it should take advantage of their competitor’s weaknesses by overcoming their strengths. Any potential future competition should also be analyzed to ensure none or few threats in the market and the continuous improvement of sales at all times. Zappos must ensure that it offers a wide variety of products in addition to the products offered. The products include electronics and their accessories, clothing and shoes. The business should venture majorly on long-term opportunities that ensure continuous flow of income that is mandatory for business continuity. On the other hand, certain short term investments are that are highly profitable should be considered. This depends on the seasons that they are highly demanded and when they are on recession. Products that have long shelf life should be stocked in lesser quantities especially in the low seasons. Consequently, their quantities can be increased in high seasons. This calls for market research to determine such seasons (Hoover, 67). External sources of funds must be considered to ensure that the company is cushioned incase of an emergency. Statistical quality control must be conducted during product expansion to realize what to accept or ignore including the measures to take to protect the company. A number of actions should be initiated once the risks associated with the product expansion are analyzed. This should be followed by business expansion and protection efforts. Zappos must ensure to carry out more research on target
Wednesday, July 24, 2019
Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8
Personal statement - Essay Example I am deeply aware that any interest in life can best translate into a real-time success only through impeccable academic credentials. My father himself built his military career on the foundation of his study at Sandhurst Academy in the UK. In line with this belief, I chose to pursue my Bachelor of Science in International Business Management at Lynn University. As a senior, I can confidently say that this is indeed what I want to do with my life. I have enjoyed all my undergraduate courses, particularly Operations, Management, Marketing and Finance. I perceive that Masters in Information Technology from a reputed university like Pace is the logical next step to open the doors to my entry into the tech industry. Right from High School, I have grabbed every opportunity to gain computer related knowledge. My internship with the Gardeniya Ladies Centre at Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia, gave me valuable exposure to customer relations. I learned that interpersonal communication is the bedrock of any commercial venture. I went on to another internship at the Click Travel Agency in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, where I scheduled flight arrivals and departures, and honed my organizational prowess. I am confident that my internships have given me valuable skills in time management, dispute resolution and innovative packages design. At Lynn, I am a faithful and interested participant in the numerous CEO presentations on campus, absorbing the invaluable, first-hand inputs of professional businessmen and entrepreneurs. I also made use of the opportunity to be a part of the preparation for the 2012 Presidential Debate hosted at Lynn. What a learning experience that was! I believe that volunteer work is the ideal way to self-fulfillment. One of the most enriching periods of my life is the time I spent as a student volunteer at the Senior Nursing Home/ Orphanage Facility for Children at Dammam, Saudi Arabia. I was part of a social media campaign to
Tuesday, July 23, 2019
Uptake of heavy metals (arsenic and lead) by earthworms in a Literature review
Uptake of heavy metals (arsenic and lead) by earthworms in a contaminated soils - Literature review Example Despite healthy soil formed in the absence of earthworms, their presence within the soil indicates the soil is productive. As a result of the tedious activities by earthworms their importance for the soil community includes enhancing mixing and aggregation of soil (Weeks et al 2004, p.820). While looking for food, Weeks et al. (2004, p.821) observe that, earthworms engage in a task of moving to the surface and back down, ingesting particles of soil and other organic substances in their way. Further, earthworms excrete the substances it takes in to the soil, and the excreted matter by the earthworms, are nutrient-dense casts. The result in this sense, involves a process that shift the top layer of soil down to the lower strata, and dragging the bottom soil to the upper surface. When earthworms burrow through the dust, this enhances the soil structure by loosening the soil that are compact and establish numerous tunnels under the surface. The importance of such tunnels includes enhancing soil porosity and creating pathways that allows the intake of water and air into the soil. The process further facilitates absorption and the retention of water, and minimizing run offs and soil erosion (Weeks et al 2004, p.822). ... the soil surface and in the process, mix the organic material as a result of tearing the organic materials and depositing these materials deep within the soil. Their cast also deposits on the soils surface thus, contributing to the soil content. In addition, they enhance bacteria and fungi activity in the soil that consumes organic materials and transforming these materials to humus. Earthworms largely, forms part of the food web within the soil, which presents a large community, composed of organism that plays a significant role in soil formation. In the same note, soil food web encompasses soil-inhabiting organisms that include algae, insects, plants, reptiles, fungi and small mammals. The organisms, impacts on soil formation through burrowing, breaking down materials (both animal and plant materials) that is significant in adding organic matter when they die. Earthworms often provide a food source to the soil community and their cast is important in facilitating the survival of ot her organisms within the soil community. They assist in terms of facilitation the provision of oxygen, water and nutrition for other organisms (Hobbelen et al 2006, p.644). The ecological groups of earthworms and their feeding behaviors According to ecology studies on soils by Nahmani, Hodson and Black (2007, p.402), that focuses on linkages between fauna and microbes, identifies earthworms, as a significant soil invertebrate within the ecosystem and contributes, to biomass and activity which operate as ecosystem engineers. Nahmani et al (2007, p.402) agree that, soil consists of various microorganisms and forms part of earthworm’s diet. In this regard, three ecological groups related to earthworms and their feeding behaviors, exists in literature. They include epigeic, which is
Choking in Sports Essay Example for Free
Choking in Sports Essay In 2007, Reeves, Tenenbaum, and Lidor conducted research in order to study what causes talented athletes to often fail to perform to the best of their abilities when placed under stressful situations. The purpose of the study was to discover whether athletes who participate in self-consciousness training adapt to pressure situations better than players who do not. To measure this, the researchers examined â€Å"choking†during kicking a soccer ball with participants of two different skill levels, low-skill and high-skill. The participants had to complete two different tasks, kicking a soccer penalty and a breakaway. They were placed under two pressure situations, both low and high, and the experimenters also had three different training conditions – single task, dual task, and self-consciousness. The high-skill players were members of a NCAA Division 1 women’s soccer team at a southeastern, United States university with at least ten years playing experience. There were 18 participants in the high-skill group ranging from 18 to 22 years of age. The low-skill players were junior varsity girl soccer players from two southeastern high schools. There were 19 participants in this group, ranging from age 14 to age 16. All of these participants were randomly assigned to one of the three training conditions. On the first day of the experiment, participants were told the purpose of the study and were asked to fill out performance information sheets as well as sign informed consents. Participants then warmed up and began performing the simple task of penalty kicks under low-pressure conditions. Before each kick, participants filled out the part of the psychological grid for that kick, and then performed the task. On the second day, the participants were split into two teams and told they would be competing for a prize. They were told that their competition would be videotaped and that a sports psychologist would evaluate their mental performance in front of the goal. The psychological grid was again filled out before each penalty kick. On the third day, the participants completed the complex task (breakaways) under low pressure conditions. On the fourth day, participants were told that the competition involving penalty kicks was unfair and that the competition needed to be replayed but with breakaways. The researchers found that choking occurred in the simple task of penalty kicks, but not in the more difficult task of breakaways. Also, the single-task and dual-task treatments experienced a decrease in performance under high-pressure situations. Meanwhile, participants who underwent self-consciousness training improved their performance under high-pressure situations. Reeves et al. used a repeated measure ANOVA with skill level and treatment as between-subjects factors and pressure condition and task complexity as within-subjects repeated measures on perceived pressure. This ANOVA was used to check for the effect of pressure on the participants, and a significant effect was found (F (1,31) = 32. 32, p . 001). Repeated measures ANOVAs were also used to assess performance and perceived performance during the shooting tasks. There was a significant interaction of task difficulty and pressure condition on performance such that participants performed the simple task better under low-pressure (M = 12. 63, SD = 3. 35) than under high pressure (M = 11. 17, SD = 3. 24). However, they also found that the more difficult task was performed equally well under low- (M = 11. 08, SD = 2. 64) and high-pressure (M = 11. 25, SD = 2. 90) conditions. A significant interaction was also found between pressure condition and treatment as they affect performance. Participants in the dual-task treatment suffered decreases in performance when shifting from low- to high-pressure situations, whereas participants in the self-consciousness treatment group increased performance. The single-task treatment had the highest decreases in performance from low- to high-pressure situations. Significant interactions were also found between skill level and treatment condition such that low-skill players given self-consciousness and dual task training perceived their performance as higher than those in the single-task condition. However, high-skill players in the self-consciousness treatment perceived their performance as being lowest of all three treatments. Yet another analysis of the data showed a significant interaction between pressure and treatment on perceived arousal and pleasantness levels. One limitation of this particular study is that it only examined the effects of high pressure situations in female soccer players. Although this study did account for differences in skill level, players of a different sport may have had dissimilar results. Also, there may be gender differences when it comes to choking during performance. The authors discussed the possible limitations of this study in the discussion section. There it says, â€Å"Further explanation of what constitutes a simple and complex task under pressure situations and of the ability to generalize to other task types is needed to enhance our understanding of the choking phenomenon. The researchers go on to say that there was no significant difference in skill level shown. The results reported by the experimenters and the discussion section did seem to be consistent in their findings. Using the statistical analysis and results from the ANOVAs, the researchers explained what they found using previous theories on choking in high pressure situations. The results of this study supported the explicit monitoring theory to explain choking under pressure in proceduralized skills. On the other hand, distraction theories explain choking under pressure in cognitive skills. Both of these conclusions were supported by data in the results section of the paper. This study not only has implications for athletes, but for everyday life as well. Athletes should be aware of the pressure they are experiencing in different situations and be able to regulate their arousal when necessary. If an athlete is facing a difficult task under high pressure conditions, they should consider undergoing self-consciousness training to help increase their performance. Similarly, if a student is studying for an extremely difficult exam that will determine whether they pass or fail a course, they should use self-consciousness training to help them obtain the best grade possible. For simple tasks, both athletes and students should realize that being under an increased amount of pressure can result in lower performance. Therefore, when completing mundane tasks, athletes and students alike should decrease their arousal and be under as little pressure as possible to achieve optimum performance. In a study by Wang in 2004, researchers were examining â€Å"dispositional self-consciousness and trait anxiety as predictors of choking in sport. Sixty-six basketball players completed the Self-Consciousness Scale and the Sport Anxiety Scale prior to completing 20 free throws in low-pressure and high-pressure conditions. A manipulation check showed that participants experienced significantly higher levels of state anxiety in the high-pressure condition. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses supported the hypothesis that self-conscious athletes were more susceptible to choking under pressure. The best predictors of choking were private self-consciousness and somatic trait anxiety that together accounted for 35% of the explained variance. †If one is self-conscious, they are putting themselves under even more pressure than the situation at hand already is. Therefore, these athletes are already at a disadvantage when it comes to reaching optimum performance. The best athletes in the world have no trouble stepping onto the biggest stage and performing well on a consistent basis. Also, in terms of choking, another factor that seems to be important is how high one’s approach motivation is. Choking is the concept that one performs worse than expected in a situation that carries great importance. This is Michael Jordan hitting a game winner in game six, or Mr. October Reggie Jackson going yard to give the Yankees the lead, or even a young intern at the FBI figuring out the biggest case of his life that makes his career; except it’s not. Choking is bricking that shot, grounding out to the second baseman, and having someone else figure out your case for you and thus getting your promotion. Recent questions have been raised about the major causes of choking. Some believe that â€Å"motivation to avoid failure often may predict choking under pressure†(Jordet 2008). â€Å"In achievement motivation theories, avoidance motivation typically refers to behavior directed by negatively valenced events, whereas approach motivation refers to behavior directed by positively valenced events†(Jordet 2008). People who avoid failure often get worried more and are more likely to perform poorly (choking). People who approach it, are often more confident and have less anxiety and thus, tend to have better performance (Dweck 1988). In this study, the researchers hypothesized that, â€Å"elite performers who are in negative valence situations engage in avoidance behaviors and these behaviors may contribute to low performance†(Jordet 2008). This study uses the high pressure situation of a penalty kick in a soccer match to fill the gap in knowledge on real-world choking. A penalty kick occurs when two teams are tied after two overtime periods. Especially in big games such as the World Cup final, these shots are very high pressure moments. Studies on these shots suggest that the more important the shot, the worse people performed because of elevated stress and anxiety levels. Researchers for the current study hypothesized that players in negatively valenced situations would attempt evading the situation, while players with positively valenced shots would take their time to look at the goal keeper, line up their shot, and take the necessary time to prepare. The negatively valenced shots would have their back turned to the goal keeper and would get the shot over with as quickly as possible (Jordet 2008). The results of this study showed that whether one takes an approach or avoidance motivation can have an effect on whether professional athletes choke under high pressure situations. They found that soccer players especially tended to use avoidance behavior and thus made 30% less shots than with the positively valenced shots (Jordet 2008). Despite prior research that suggested that professionals who choked tended to take longer to shoot, the present study found that the athletes who shot quickly actually performed worse. There are two possible situations. Either, through hurrying up, the athlete is able to time their shot and put it where they want, or they rush their preparation and don’t focus in enough on where they need to place the ball and can therefore choke. Jordet states that more research needs to be done on the relationship between dreading the shot, waiting to shoot, and the result or performance on the shot. Researchers in this study included a neutrally valenced condition in which they found it was most related to the negatively valenced condition. Therefore they concluded that athletes in the positively valenced group simply strive under pressure i. Michael Jordan, etc. Jordan approached failure face to face and more often than not came away successful as a result. It is all dependent on what sort of success and patterns a player has developed over his or her career (Dweck 1988). If a player shows a pattern of stepping up and hitting a key shot, you can expect that he or she will perform better on a big stage because they are self-confident. If I were to perform further research on this subject, I would first attempt to create a model that would help explain the complex reasons for choking while performing tasks during different situations. This would help other teachers, coaches, and researchers use this information to foster the highest level of performance in athletes and others. Another possible direction for these findings is to have three conditions in a study, one in which a participant completes a proceduralized task, one for a cognitive task, and one for a task that is both cognitive and proceduralized. Using this design, I would be able to examine if the two theories interact or if they are separate. Another possible direction for research is to see if low-, moderate-, or high-skilled players are more likely to choke under pressure rather than simply studying the choking habits of just elite athletes. Finally, a personality psychologist could assess if different personality dispositions make an athlete more or less likely to choke than others. With further research and increased understanding of the choking phenomenon, sports psychologists could discover a technique to help decrease the chances of choking under high-pressure situations. This could help improve athletes’ confidence, self-esteem, and performance while competing.
Monday, July 22, 2019
Theme Park Tourism Essay Example for Free
Theme Park Tourism Essay Domestic an International Tourism Economy, 303 Mihai Bravu Street, bl 18 A, sc B, ap 54, sector3, Bucharest, Email: [emailprotected] com, Phone 0744. 671. 291 Strutzen Gina 14 Alexandru Ioan Cuza Street, Voluntari, Ilfov, Email: [emailprotected] com, Phone: 0723. 212. 300, Romanian American Univerity, Faculty of Domestic an International Tourism Economy Theme parks are star players in the tourism industry, and play a special and important role in generating tourism demand. Theme parks are the main motivators for tourism trips to many destinations and core elements of the tourism product. Competition in the theme park market is growing also in terms of an increasing number of parks, but also relative to other uses of leisure. But in different areas, the theme park market in seems to be reaching its saturation point and the parks have to cater for visitors who are getting more and more experienced and demanding. Given these trends of growing theme park supply, environmental constraints and increasingly discriminating consumer demand, it can be concluded that theme parks, to survive in this competitive market, must optimize is, given an ever increasing number of parks and future trend of consumer behavior. Keywords: tourism, theme parks, development The theme park concept In general, theme parks can be defined as a subset of visitor attractions. Visitor attractions are described as permanent resources which are designed, controlled and managed for the enjoyment, amusement, entertainment, and education of the visiting public There are the main types of managed attractions for visitors: ancient monuments; historic buildings; parks and gardens; theme parks; wildlife attractions; museums; art galleries; industrial archeology sites; themed retail sites; amusement and leisure parks. Another definition of visitor attractions is regarded by specialists as â€Å"single units, individual sites or clearly defined small-scale geographical areas that are accessible and motivate large numbers of people to travel some distance from their home, usually in their leisure time, to visit them for a short, limited period of time†. Although this definition excludes uncontrollable and unmanageable phenomena the definition does imply that attractions are entities that are capable of being delimited and managed. The adepts of this definition consider four main types of attractions: features within the natural environment (beaches, caves, forests); man-made buildings, structures and sites that were designed for a purpose; other than attracting visitors (churches, archeological sites); man-made buildings, structures and sites that were designed to attract visitors and were purposely built to accommodate their needs, such as theme parks (theme parks, museums, waterfront developments); special events (sporting events, markets). These four types are distinguished by two aspects. Firstly, the first three types are generally permanent attractions, while the last category covers attractions that are temporary. Second, tourism is often seen as a threat to the first two types, and is generally perceived to be beneficial and an opportunity for the last two types. Managers of the first two types of attractions in general deal with problems caused by visitors, such as environmental damages and pollution, while managers of the other two types tend to aim to attract tourists, increase visitor numbers, and maximize economic input. The main features that distinguish theme parks from other kinds of visitor attractions are: †¢ a single pay-one-price admission; †¢ charge; †¢ the fact that they are mostly artificially created; †¢ the requirement of high capital investments. Theme parks attempt to create an atmosphere of another place and time, and usually emphasize one dominant theme around which architecture, landscape, rides, shows, food services, costumed personnel, retailing are 635 orchestrated. In this definition, the concept of themes is crucial to the operation of the parks, with rides, entertainment, and food all used to create several different environments. Examples of types of themes used in contemporary theme parks include history-periods, fairy tails, animals, water, marine and futurism. These themes are used to create and sustain a feeling of life involvement in a setting completely removed from daily experience. Most theme parks are isolated, self contained units. Furthermore, it needs to be noted that most theme parks are developed, targeted and managed as private sector companies, and are commercial enterprises. The world’s best known theme parks arguably are the Disney parks, such as Disneyland, Disneyworld and Euro Disney. The amusement parks, appeared previous the theme park concept, which were developed at the turn of this century and consisted of a mixture of entertainment, rides, games, and tests of skill provided at fairs, carnivals, circuses, and frequently they had an outdoor garden for drinking. Amusement parks were an important element of mass tourism in the pre-depression period. However, the World War II has strongly influenced the decline of the traditional amusement park. Many parks were forced to close down permanently, while others survived, on a reduced scale, into the 1950s or even beyond. Since the end of World War II the number and range of theme parks available to consumers has multiplied dramatically. The rise of car-ownership has increased mobility and allowed people to visit more isolated parks in their own countries that were previously inaccessible. Rising affluence has increased the amount of free time. Also, longer weekends and increased paid holidays have helped to stimulate the expansion in theme park visits. Furthermore, the growth of tourism in the past fifty years and the recognition of the economic benefits of tourism have led to the growth of purpose-built attractions, such as theme parks, specifically designed to attract tourists, and to encourage them to spend their money. Disney was the first to introduce a special and new style of parks around a number of themes or unifying ideas to sanitize the amusement park for the middle classes. The modern day techniques for reproducing landscape, buildings, and arte facts can create a reality in theme parks that has been previously the preserve of film and theatre. Through changes in transportation technology and social attitudes, downtown industrial and residential land has become redundant. For example, historic buildings are often inaccessible to the new scale of road, and historic buildings worthy of conservation are not always adaptable to new business practice. The current interest in urban space for leisure and the use of leisure as a generator for adaptation and renewal is significant. In marketing urban locations for new investment the quality of life is becoming identified with the quality of the leisure environment. During the 80’s and 90’s, theme parks began spreading around the world. While many developing nations are experiencing the entertainment of theme parks for the first time, the theme park growth slowed in the USA due to escalating costs and a lack of markets large enough to support a theme park. The development of theme parks over time has been different in every country, reflecting differences in a number of factors including: the level of economic development and the distribution of wealth; the transport system; the natural environment and built heritage; the national culture; the degree to which tourism is a matter of incoming foreign visitors rather than domestic demand. The tourism general environment of the theme parks The theme park and its total tourism environment need to be a place in which the entire array of physical features and services are provided for an assumed capacity of visitors. The tourism supply and demand market is the two sides that require close examination for theme park planning. Insight in market developments is necessary for taking a longer term perspective in theme park planning. The economic environment of theme parks The planning efforts of theme park are mostly directed towards improving the economy, because the economic impact of theme parks is generally positive including: increased direct and indirect employment, income and foreign exchange; improved transportation facilities and other infrastructure for tourism that residents also can 636 utilize; generation of government revenues for improvement of community facilities and services; the multiplier effect within the local and regional economy. Although improving the economy is an important goal, it will not be achieved unless planning for the economy is accompanied by three other goals, enhanced visitor satisfaction, protected resource assets, and integration with community social and economic life. For example, some theme parks use imported goods and services instead of taking advantage of locally available resources. Also, tourism can cause inflation of local prices of land, goods and services. The socio-cultural environment of theme parks The impact of theme park operations can bring both benefits and problems to the local society and its cultural patterns. A theme park in an area generates contact between residents and visitors. This can be problematic in areas where the traditional cultural pattern of the residents differs extremely from that of the visitors of a park. Also, when there is a substantial socioeconomic difference between the visitors and the residents this may cause a problem. For example, problems may include over crowding of facilities and transportation, over commercialization, misunderstandings and conflicts between residents and visitors because of differences in languages, customs, and value systems, and violation of local dress and behavior codes. Theme parks especially have peak attendance figures, and therefore the concentration of visitors in space and time is a major problem. On the other hand, tourism in an area may improve the living standards of people and help pay for improvements to community facilities and services if the economic benefits of tourism are well distributed. The psychically environment of theme parks Theme parks’ environmental impact is mostly negative and a cause for concern. As theme parks have been designed specifically to accommodate the modern visitor, the environmental impact of theme parks can include visual pollution like unattractive buildings and structures, and large unattractive car parks. The space occupation of parks is enormous and mostly involves destruction of parts of the natural environment. Other environmental problems are air and water pollution, noise, vehicular and pedestrian congestion, and land use incompatibility. Therefore, an essential element of theme park planning is determining the carrying capacities or use saturation levels of the area. The transportation of the theme parks Passenger transportation is a vital component of the theme park system. Theme parks have a relationship with transport systems in a number of ways: The transport networks make theme parks physically accessible to potential visitors and therefore are an important factor in determining the number of visitors a theme park is likely to attract. The e existence of major theme parks and attractions leads to the development of new public transport services to meet the demand of visitors. The transport is also important within destinations to make travel between theme parks and attractions and between attractions and services as easy as possible. The modes of transport can often be an attraction in themselves with passengers being encouraged to see using them as a type of special event. The novel methods of on-site transport are used to move visitors around the theme park in ways that will add to the enjoyment of their visit. The planning of inter modal transportation centers is needed for domestic local, as well as outside, visitor markets. The infrastructure of theme parks In addition to transportation facilities, other infrastructure elements include water supply, electric power, waste disposal, and telecommunications. These components are usually planned by the public sector. Even though private and independent decision making are valued highly by most enterprises in all tourism sectors, each will gain by better understanding the trends and plans by others. The public sector can plan for better highways, water supply, waste disposal, when private sector plans for attractions and services are known. Conversely, the private sector can plan and develop more effectively when public sector plans are known. Facilities offered by the theme parks Accommodation, hotels and other tourist facilities, provide services so that tourists can stay overnight during their travels. Other facilities necessary for tourism development include tour and travel operations, restaurants, retail 637 outlets, souvenir shops, financial facilities and services, tourist information offices, public safety facilities and services of police and fire protection. A theme park and its environment need to be planned in such a way that the entire array of physical features and services is provided for an assumed capacity of visitors. It is important in planning the services businesses to realize that they gain from clustering. Food services, lodging, and supplementary services must be grouped together and within reasonable time and distance reach for the visitor. The institutional environment The institutional elements need to be considered in planning the theme park environment. From national to local governing levels, statutory requirements may stimulate or hinder tourism development. For example, policies on infrastructure may favor one area over another. Also, the administrative laws and regulations can influence the amount and quality of tourism development in a particular area. Policies of the many departments and bureaus can greatly influence how human, physical and cultural resources are applied. The development of theme parks The theme park market worldwide has grown dramatically during the last decades. For example, in the USA (where most of the theme park trends originated), theme parks have more than 200 million paid attendees each year. This strong consumer demand has resulted in the development of many parks. These parks are not only growing rapidly in size and importance, but also are investing substantial amounts in new entertainment and facilities, and extending their services into relatively unexplored areas such as catering and accommodation.. Also, Asia is the theme park market for the new millennium. Even more, several Asian cities, like Bangkok, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur, want to become ‘tourism hubs’, and theme parks are central to these plans. Although in the Asian countries a shift from hopping centers to theme parks can be seen, the opposite can be observed as well indicating a growing role of retailing in existing theme parks. The relationship between merchandising and theme park visits clearly has potential for further growth, and the advantages of stimulating this demand are becoming increasingly recognized by theme park operators. They are racing to obtain more profits out of their rides, activities and exhibits by linking rides to merchandise and placing goods at spots where visitors are most likely to buy, and that is close to the key rides, activities and exhibits The objective is to give people a part of the park to take home and share with others. In Europe most theme parks were built in the last 25 years. First, theme parks were more a Northern Europe phenomenon, but recently, several regions and countries in Southern Europe have supported the growth of theme parks as an attractive option to increase economic input. Due to all these new parks built, the theme park market is saturating. Consequently, the competition in the European theme park market is growing. Not only in terms of the growing number of new other parks, but also due to other uses of leisure time and discretionary expenditure such as home-based entertainment systems. Managers of large theme parks are concerned about the scale of the investments required to add new exciting rides, activities and exhibits to their product. Especially, because a golden rule is that a theme park every year has to expand their park with a new attraction, to attract the required level of visitors European theme parks invest in average twenty percent of their turnover on new or better rides, activities and exhibits. Theme parks challenges The first challenge for theme parks managers is to integrate the elements in the park itself with all the elements defining the theme park environment in the theme park development plan. For example, theme parks cannot function without transportation possibilities to bring the visitor to the park, or food supply or accommodation to support the visitor’s stay. Planning a theme park requires significant public private cooperation. More and more public governments turn to the private sector for the provision of services and the production of new products However, in order for such processes to run smoothly in theme parks, greater understanding of the roles of both sectors is needed. All private sector players on the supply side of the theme park environment such as, attractions, services, transportation, etc., depend greatly on investment, planning and management policies of government. Conversely, governments depend on the private sector for many tourism activities and responsibilities. Therefore, cooperation between the public and private sector is essential. 638 Another characteristic of theme parks is that their demand is highly seasonal. For theme park planners seasonality effects mean that they need to plan the facilities in such a way that whatever season or number of visitors in the park, the visitor experiences in the park are optimal. Also, when demand for rides, activities and facilities fluctuates during the day this can cause problems for the park, such as congestion and time specific peaks at the rides, activities and facilities. For theme park managers, capacity planning and routing is therefore an important task to deal with these problems. For example, to optimize the visitor streams in the park and to minimize waiting times at the activities. Another characteristic is the fact that theme parks face high fixed costs and low variable costs. This means that the costs per visitor in the low season, when there are only few visitors in the park, are much higher than in the high season, especially if the quality of the visitor experience has to be maintained. Furthermore, each year parks require high investments to add new exciting attractions to their product to attract the required level of visitors At the demand side, theme park planners may rely on marketers to actively try and manipulate tourist demand, by price differentiation across seasons, special rates for early bookings and bundling of services and visits over time or with other tourist facilities in the region. Similar to other tourist attractions, theme parks first and foremost provide enjoyment to their customers. This implies that theme park managers face especially strong demands from customers for new and exciting innovations in their services. Special strategies need to be devised to deal with tourist variety seeking. Also typically a diverse number of services within a park is required to promote repeat visits and to cater for different members of visitors groups as seniors and children) and for different segments in the tourist population at large. This has important implications for theme park planning in terms of location and type of activities that should be introduced and supported. Detailed consumer information often is essential to meet these consumers’ requirements. The costumers requirements place special demands on theme park planners in terms of: meeting environmental standards imposed through (inter)national regulations and local communities, by increasing demands in terms of landscaping and design, and financial responsibilities in terms of managing large areas of land which need to be bought, leased or rented depending on the organization’s financial management strategy. Another challenge facing theme park planner is that planning a park requires special skills in terms of combining creative and commercial abilities. Theme park design is crucial in determining the success of a park. In terms of design, several different levels can be distinguished. First, rides, activities and exhibits have to be designed attractively and effectively both in terms of initial appeal and usage. Second, landscaping and urban designs are required to integrate the different single facilities into a whole based on the selected theme for the park. And finally, activities and services need to be arranged that can support and increase consumer experiences of the physical elements in the park. There also are some more general features of the theme park product that are shared with other services and that are a challenge to theme park planning. Meeting consumer demand must be done however without compromising environmental and socio-cultural objectives. Because the theme product is consumed and produced at the same time, the service must be right the first time. Therefore, adequate theme park planning is highly critical for optimizing the delivery of the theme park product to the consumer. The final challenges facing theme park planners are created by the theme park market. There is a growing competition in the theme park market, with an ever increasing number of parks and many parks expanding their activities. Even more so, the tourist demand market is facing demographic changes in the form of agreeing population, economic changes that lead to tighter family time budgets because of an increasing number of double earner households, and the introduction of new technologies such as multimedia entertainment that compete directly with the traditional theme park market. Knowledge of potential market origins, and interests, habits and other travel characteristics of the population is a necessary but not sufficient condition to plan the several components of the supply side. It is important for the parks to know how consumers think, and what makes them visit or not visit attractions, and when they want to visit a park. Also, for theme park planners, an estimate of peak visitor volume is essential to the planning of every feature of the theme park, parking, attractions, exhibits, toilet facilities, tour guidance, food services and souvenir sales. 639 It can be concluded that the challenges theme park planners face ask for planning methods that can integrate the different components in the planning processes within and across various levels of planning. References : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Clave, Clark, Global theme park industry, Cab International, 2007; Goelder, Ch. , Tourism – principles, practices, philosophies 8th ed. , Edit. John Wiley Sons, SUA, 2000; Wright, Godwin, The Imagineering Field Guide to Magic Kingdom Park at Walt Disney World Disney Press, 2005; www. themeparkinsider. com www. amusamentparks. com.
Sunday, July 21, 2019
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection Among Pregnant Females in Lahore
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection Among Pregnant Females in Lahore The present study was conducted on 190 pregnant females attending Government, Lahore General Hospital and from a private setup named as Fatima Memorial Hospital coming for their antenatal checkups during first trimester. The detailed results are shown in the appendices. The summary of results is given in Tables 1- 20 and Figures 1- 6. Figure 1 shows the frequency of IgG in pregnant females. Out of 190, IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii were present in 60 (31.58%) females. Figure 2 shows the frequency of IgM in pregnant females. Out of 190 pregnant females, IgM antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii were present only in 9 (4.73%) females. Table 1 shows the comparison of age, gestational age and gravida between IgG positive and negative females. The mean age of IgG positive group was 28.19 Â ± 4.70 and the mean number of gravida and gestational age of IgG positive group was 3.26 Â ± 1.84 and 9.28 Â ± 3.14 respectively. Whereas the mean age of IgG negative group was 25.92 Â ± 5.00 and the mean number of gravida and gestational age of IgG negative group was 2.63 Â ± 1.85 and 9.36 Â ± 3.20 respectively. There was no statistically significant differences in mean gestational age between IgG positive and negative groups (p-value = 0.753). The mean age of IgG positive group was statistically significant and higher as compared to IgG negative group (p-value = 0.005) similarly the mean gravida of IgG positive group was statistically significant and higher as compared to IgG negative group (p-value = 0.012). Table 2 shows the comparison of age, gestational age and gravida between IgM positive and negative groups. The mean age IgM positive group was 29.44 Â ± 5.20 and the mean number of gravida and gestational age of IgM positive group was 2.56 Â ± 1.51 and 9.33 Â ± 3.74 respectively. Whereas the mean age of IgM negative group was 26.49 Â ± 4.97 and the mean number of gravida and gestational age of IgM negative group was 2.84 Â ±1.88 and 9.33 Â ± 3.16 respectively. The mean age of IgM positive group was generally higher as compared to IgM negative group and the mean gravida of IgM positive group was generally lower as compared to IgM negative group but these differences were not statistically significant (p-value = 0.074 and p-value = 0.806 respectively). Similarly there were no statistically significant differences in mean gestational age between IgM positive and negative groups (p-value = 0.792). Table 3 shows the IgG positivity in pregnant women according to family income and there was statistically significant association between IgG antibodies and family income (p-value
Saturday, July 20, 2019
Mary Shelleys Frankenstein - Victor Frankenstein is to Blame Essay
Victor Frankenstein is to Blame Can an intense appetency for the pursuit of knowledge result in fatal consequences? In most situations when a strong desire is present consequences are seldom taken into consideration. In the novel, Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein pursues knowledge in an obsessive manner that blinds him to the possible effects. Victor Frankenstein is the primary cause of his creature's desolation. Indeed, Victor Frankenstein is at fault for the creature's isolation and malformation, which causes the creature to feel rejected, lonely, and determined to seek revenge. Victor Frankenstein's determination to constitute a race causes him to create a deformed creature, which he immediately rejects. In the first place, Victor, who is strong willed, spends both night and day working on his creation, his initial concern is to create a race in which he may be their leader. He also uses parts that are bigger in size so that he may finish faster. When he finishes his reaction is completely different from what he had expected. For instance, when he is done with his creation he becomes so appalled by its appearance that he "rushed out of the room" (42). When Victor awakens the next morning he finds the creature at his bedside and at that moment he leaves. When he returns he finds an empty house with no creature in sight, which brings him a feeling of relief. Victor describes the creature as a "demonical corpse" (43) to which he has given life. Furthermore, Victor, sometime later, sees the creature at a distance and never once decides to approach i t. Instead Victor always rushes in the opposing direction. For example, while Victor is on his journey home he crosses the lake to Plainpalais and sees... ...s wickedness and its wanting to seek revenge. Â In conclusion, Victor Frankenstein is to blame for the actions of the creature, which was brought about by its rejection. Victor became obsessive in his work, but when his creation was complete he fully rejected it causing the creature to lead a life of solitude. The monster also attempts to seek acceptance from society and fails. The creature, also aware that it has been rejected by Victor, pursues a life of revenge killing those dear to him. Hence, if Victor would have never abandoned his creation the multiple deaths of the innocent could have been prevented. Works Consulted Boyd, Stephen. York Notes on Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Longman York Press, 1992. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus. Edited with an Introduction and notes by Maurice Hindle. Penguin books, 1992
The Responsibility of a Catholic Citizen in a Free Society Essay
The Responsibility of a Catholic Citizen in a Free Society      Before we start to talk about our responsibilities we should be grateful that we are able to practice our own faith and we can stand up for our religion and speak up about it. We are here to be an example for the rest of the people out there who do not know any better and are falling in there lives. It is our responsibility to help them. We also have responsibilities of our own - respecting authority of both the church and government, evangelizing or spreading the word, donating time and money to church and those in need, tolerance and many more.      We are surrounded by challenges like abortions, poverty, and violence which all destroy the lives of people that were put here by God and were not able to live because of our choices. It is our responsibility to help and support people who fall into these categories. We should now defend human life and dignity, to make people practice justice and peace, and maintain family life and moral values.      Abortion is a major issue today in our world. Thousands of people out there do it today. Our teachings call us to protect human life and here we are killing it just because we don’t want it. Violence also is sort of the same thing. We are hurting another human just because we don’t like them or are mad at something else and we take our anger out on them. We need to set an example for the people that are doing it so they start to realize that this isn’t what everyo...
Friday, July 19, 2019
Iago’s Manipulation in Act One of Shakespeares Othello :: Othello essays
Iago’s Manipulation in Act One of Othello The events that occur in the first half of Act 1 are all in anticipation of the lead character Othello who we are not immediately introduced too. We learn Iago’s name in the second line of the play and Roderigo’s soon after, but Othello is not mentioned by his name once. Instead he is referred to as ‘he’, ‘him’ and is frequently described as ‘the moor’ (1.1.58) he is also described as having ‘thick lips’ (1.1.67) and later as being a ‘Barbary horse’ (1.1.111) is continuously described by his critics, mainly Iago, as a ‘moor’, demonstrating Iago’s frequently concerning nature of race and also portraying Othello as something of an alien. From this reference we are able to immediately understand Iago’s true feelings and motives for Othello. The audience at this point know nothing of Othello that is gained by their own opinion, instead we are lead to believe from Iago’s race related description that Othello is a threatening and evil moor, whose beastial sexual appetite, conveyed by Iago’s cries to Brabantio, telling him that ‘an old black ram is tupping’ his ‘white ewe’ (1.1.89), is something of a rapist. Iago’s coarse animal related language conveys Iago’s feelings against Othello’s marriage in a much more pronounced way. The image of an ‘old black ram’ gives the audience nothing but negative images of Othello, especially when this ‘old black ram’ is being associated with the innocence of a ‘white ewe’. Iago then associates Othello with the image of ‘the devil’ (1.1.92) because of Othello’s colour, Iago warns Brabantio that he has ‘lost half [his] soul’ now that Desdemona is married to Oth ello. Iago here emphasises the biracial nature of the marriage, already showing his ability to manipulate people, in this case he is manipulating Brabantio, to believe in Iago’s own opinions and in theory to eliminate all thoughts that Brabantio might of had of his own about the marriage. Despite the negative foregrounding of Othello’s character by Iago, our first impressions of Othello in Act 1 are of a noble and well-spoken man, his nobility is conveyed through his speech ‘most potent grave and reverend signiors’(1.3.76) to his future father-in-law Brabantio of Othello’s love for his daughter Desdemona in Act 1 Scene 3. This is a very different character to what we expect from Iago’s preparation for the introduction of Othello. Where we are expecting an angry and possibly violent character, we instead are met with something completely surprising, a quiet and calm man who dismisses Roderigo’s insult and even avoids the prospect of a conflict.
Thursday, July 18, 2019
Juvenile Justice System in California Essay
Does the Time Fit the Crime? This is a call to action, how much do we actually know about the California Juvenile Justice system? Have we given up on today’s youth? There are more than 2,500 juvenile offender’s states wide that have been sentenced to life in prison or life without parole. They are sent to adult court in which they were convicted for their crimes. This is costing California tax payers 2. 5 million dollars a year to house each offender, and approximately 252,000 a year per youth in the CYA (Krinsky, Pierce, Woodford,p1;Kita,p1). How does this affect their psychological development? Of the different races which is most effected? Is it teaching them to be better individuals or better criminals? What effects does it have on the youth’s family? Is justice being served? As of today there are 300 youth juveniles incarcerated in the state of California that have been given life or life without parole. Does race, social, and environmental factors play a role in the sentencing phase? Does the time fit the crime? Is it appropriate for juveniles to be sentenced as adults? The Juvenile Justice Court System was designed and dedicated to the adjudication of crimes committed by juvenile youth offenders. To be over seen by the Los Angeles Superior Court Division of Juvenile Courts (Shouselaw). Their sole purpose and goal is the rehabilitation of youth offenders. In 1943 the state of California opened CYA as a reform school; but today it functions similar to the adult prisons today (Kita, p1). Youth that are prosecuted in adult court are moved out of CYA at 18 and sent to adult prison to serve the reminder of their time (Kita, p1). Fewer juvenile offenders are being committed to CYA, and more are being sent directly to adult prison. â€Å" Despite declines in juvenile confinement over the last decade, California still has the 10th highest rate of juvenile incarceration in the nation (271 per 100,000) and the fifth highest White-Black racial disparity: Black children are incarcerated at 8. 5 times the rate of White children†(Children Defense Fund). â€Å" There are many factors and statistics used in the arguments for and against juvenile sentences of life without parole (LWOP), however the statistics involving he much higher percentage, of blacks serving life sentences than whites are very rarely mentioned†(Bell,p. 2). This is further data that supports the argument that black youth has the highest ratio of incarceration. The legislature is considering bill SB399 which would allow a second chance opportunity, this shows that the state of California Juvenile System is in need of reform and structuring. Without SB399 there isn’t any way to revisit these sentences. (Krinsky, Pierce, Woodford, p. 2). What immediate changes need to take place today to reduce the number of youths, being incarceration? According to the group Reforming the Juvenile Justice System, the United States is the only country in the world that sentences young people to life in prison without the possibility of parole for crimes they committed when they were teenagers (RJJS). In California approximately 300 youth have been given this sentence – a sentence to die in prison for mistakes they made during adolescence. According to â€Å"Human Rights Watch estimates, a majority of these young people (59 percent) were first time offenders, and almost half (45 percent) were convicted of murder but were not the ones who actually committed the murder†(RJJS). What can we do as a society and community to help carve the problem within our communities to ensure our youth are being treated fairly in the juvenile system? There are several problems and issues that the juvenile justice systems face today. Allegations of mistreatment, abuse, excessive force, 23 hour confinement in their cells, locking juveniles in cages at school, not providing adequate medical and mental health services, and perpetuation of gang related violence among the youth offenders. (Shouselaw,p.? ). We as a society have to raise the question? How have these problems and issues gone unaddressed for so long? Who do we hold accountable for these allegations? Therefore, asking how this effects their psychological development and how much of it impacts their social interactions and behavior. Youth advocates have argued that juvenile youth offenders’ brains are not mature enough to fully understand the seriousness of their crimes they’ve been accused of. The organization CDFCA has stated that: â€Å"Adolescent brain development research has helped us understand the ways that youth are fundamentally different from adults. With the prefrontal lobe of the brain still developing throughout the teenage years, adolescents have more difficulty processing information, making logical in-the-moment decisions, weighing long-term consequences, and avoiding peer pressure. Given this research in adolescent brain development, policymakers and even the Supreme Court have recognized that youth are less culpable than adults for their actions and more likely to be rehabilitated. The Children’s Defense Fund – CA believes strongly that policies around incarceration and sentencing should reflect these developmental differences, and that youth should be kept out of the adult criminal justice system and given the opportunity for rehabilitation†(RJJS,p. 1). Subsequently, providing the evidence of how broken the juvenile system truly is, Richard A. Mendel wrote, â€Å"We now have overwhelming evidence showing that wholesale incarceration of juvenile offenders is a counterproductive public policy†(Mendel, p. 1) Stating that the current juvenile justice system. Which relies heavily on mass incarceration of teen offenders, is badly broken? The violence and abuse within youth facilities is bad enough, but these institutions also fail to rehabilitate the youth within them. (Mendel, p. 1) Adding reinforcement that something must be done immediately to save our youth; leaving us to wonder how these effects will ultimately shape their lives for the better or the worst. There is a sense of hopelessness and despair that illuminates over these juveniles. Are the sentences handed down in these cases justified? Has justice being served in these cases? Supports of juvenile reform has provided data and research that back their claims that black youth are being sentence to much long terms than any of other race. The Human Rights Watch organization conducted research in California and found that there is discrimination when sentencing black youth offenders: †The state’s application of the law is also unjust. Eighty-five percent of youth sentenced to life without parole are people of color, with 75 percent of all cases in California being African American or Hispanic youth. African American youth are sentenced to life without parole at a rate that is 18. 3 times the rate for whites. Hispanic youth in California are sentenced to life without parole at a rate that is five times the rate of white youth in the state California has the worst record in the country for racially disproportionate sentencing. In California, African American youth are sentenced to life without parole at rates that suggest unequal treatment before sentencing courts. This unequal treatment by sentencing courts cannot be explained only by white and African American youths’ differential involvement in crime†(HRWO,p. 1). In addition to discrimination they also found that â€Å"In California alone, more than half of the youth sentenced are first time offenders with no previous criminal record. The Human Rights Watch survey of these inmates also found that many had not actually committed the murder and that their adult codefendants actually received a lesser sentence†(HRWO,p1). Therefore, pointing out that these youth offenders did not have adequate representation. The organization Human Rights Watch wrote: â€Å"Poor legal representation often compromises a just outcome in juvenile life without parole cases. Sending Approximately 227 youth have been sentenced to die in California’s prisons. They have not been sentenced to death: the death penalty was found unconstitutional for juveniles by the United States Supreme Court in 2005. Instead, these young people have been sentenced to prison for the rest of their lives, with no opportunity for parole and no chance for release. Forty-five percent of youth reported that they were held legally responsible for a murder committed by someone else. In California, the vast majority of those 17 years old and younger sentenced to life without the possibility of parole was convicted of murder. Showing that nationally 59 percent of youth sentenced to life without paroles are first-time offenders, without single juvenile court adjudication on their records†(HRWO, p1-3. ). Furthermore, this research support their claims that race, social, and environment factors play a major role in sentencing. Providing addition evidence that black and Latino juveniles are treated unfairly and justice is not being served. In conclusion, the California Juvenile Justice System is in dire need of reform. In January of this year Govern Jerry Brown, proposed is plan to end the juvenile justice division by March 2015(sfgate. com). Thus answering the questions posed there are a great deal, of problems and issues that must be addressed immediately. Like the mass incarceration of youth juveniles and mishandling of sentencing in these cases. And the harsh unfair life sentences or life without parole, which will have long term effects on their psychological development, which will impact their social and behavior interactions. This will limit their chance of ever being release. And give them an opportunity to start over with a clean slide. Furthermore, leaven a profound impact on the lives of their families. Shedding light on a decade of unfair inappropriate actions on behave of the courts. In which justice was not served in any of the cases.
Wednesday, July 17, 2019
World War Z as a Sociopolitical Assessment of Globalization
macrocosm fight Z as a Sociopolitical Assessment of Globalization domain of a function struggle Z showed readers that what may stool worked in peace quantify was unsuited for fight. By doing so stand was competent to sop up a fair judgement of our flow global systems with the overarching evaluation of globalizations literal and metamorphical stainiousness. He uses the novel to color on the social issues such(prenominal) as disposal ineptitude, period too vie on innate human alarm and our ability to adapt to courseer situations for the inte slackening of survivability.By adding an overarching apocalyptic theme with a impression of old-fashi unmatchabled living dead spirit gore, support is suit open to provide a vistaful, entertaining assessment of how different parts of the force personnel would act to a widespread crisis. World fightfargon Z is unrivalled of the most productive social interpretation of our propagation. It is chilling, to say the lea st, non merely because of the ghouls themselves, but withal how the comfort of the multitude personnel reacts to them. Max condenses was able to depict a huge rake of motivations and human intentions in this novel that could be comparable to a sociological champaign of humans in a time of crisis.He also does an excellent job of describing the distinguish of cold, logical envisionning that was necessary in enunciate to survive a golem apocalypse and that plain after the contend is over, the world still has a coherent way to go before it rear end move on. Survivalism and disaster prep atomic number 18dness argon two other dominant themes in the novel. Many of the inter insures in World fight Z that come from United States citizens snap on policy changes with the intent of development themselves to thwart off zombi attacks and, in a post-apocalyptic world, rebuilding the commonwealth to its occasion glory.This was an interesting policy for the United States to espouse up, as it completely changed the social pecking order by putting the working secernate mechanic above the CEO of a multimillion dollar corporation ( stand, 2006 140). Through forbidden the novel, Brooks repeatedly presents characters with the single proscribed of mental and somatic toughness required to survive a disaster. Although ones physical fitness is a concomitantor that attributes to ones survivability, round of these references are of ordinary passel with extraordinary resiliency who were able to plagiarise to the occasion when they were needed.In this sense, readers stand see a distinction in the United States from the rest of the world in that its citizens are a commonwealth full of individualists who believe that they have the ability to survive any dreaded situation as long as one has the right tools and talent (Brooks, 2004 140). It was also inspirational to read that in multiplication of extreme adversity man can be beaten and brought to his kn ees but also rise up to show his resilience, When zombies were jump written about, they seemed to be fixd by magic. In recent decades, however, their inaugurations have become more(prenominal) and more complex.Today, one would be dense pressed to find a zombie novel or movie where the origin of the zombie species is not from radioactivity and viruses world used as a block out of biological warfare. One thing that many books in the zombie genre do not address is how the rest of the world develops weapons to specifically deal with the zombie threat. Brooks not only creates innovative weapons in his zombiverse, he also finds new uses for antecedently existing ones. It is on-key that new wars create new technology and there is no better motivator than a ecumenic crisis such as a likely zombie apocalypse.World war Z is no exception to this fact, as various pots nigh the world were able to adapt and get the hang technical limitations when it came to facing a new enemy. The U nited States Marines, for example, are credited for creating the Lobotomizer, a fusion of shovel and double-bladed battle-axe makeshift from the recycled steel of cars (Brooks, 2006 146). People were also able to repurpose the resources that they had in new ways, such as using K-9 units to sniff out zombie communitys (Brooks, 2006 283).This adaptation and repurposing of resources was crucial in the snake god War effort and is a saying on how important a militarys ability to adapt to new situations is in establishing victory in a war. In Why do some people think they have what is honorable for others? Naeem Inayatulla talks about many westernized awkwards desire to flop encourage to these trine world countries and how this can confirm to be in powerful if done with the view that these impoverished countries need to be tending(p) what the western world thinks they need (Inayatulla, 2009 345).This smirch is further emphasized in Brooks novel when he describes how these th ird world countries seemed to fare the same, if not a bit better than their first world counterparts. This is especially true when one reads the segmentation of the book with the interview of Xolelwa Azania, or capital of Minnesota Redeker in the United States of southeastwardern Africa. This interview talks about the origins of the Redeker Plan, which was a imperious way of intentionally sacrificing a larger portion of a population in order to save some other population in a more well defensible or important billet (Brooks, 2006 106).During the zombie outbreak in South Africa, Redeker adapted his Plan Orange 84 into a zombie survival plan should the outbreak become a scarce threat. Plan Orange 84 was a doomsday scenario survival plan for the Apartheid government if the Black African population move up up against the White Afrikaners. Being a logical and dispassionate person who thought emotions such as love and hate to be inefficient, Plan Orange make Redeker a hated man in South Africa.Although this plan came at the constitute of Redekers sanity, it proved to help out the rest of the world by allowing them to suck up and modify the plan for themselves, in entree to indirectly saving thousands, if not millions of people from being turned into zombies and thus wiping out the human race. This leads into the argument that authoritarian regimes tend to be most efficient during times of war. It seems that democracies tend to be most efficient during peacetime, while authoritarian regimes function scoop out under times of war or crisis.The reason why this is so effective is because of disquietude. Authoritarian regimes are most effective when its citizens are afraid of what major power meet to them if they break the law or figure in suspicious activities. This is especially true during World War II, when Adolf Hitler was able to increase support from almost an entire country using business organisation and intimidation. There are many paralle ls that can be draw between World War II and World War Z, such as the early responses to the impending crisis. That is to say, arly warnings went unheeded, profiteers made millions marketing a placebo to the masses and the military inclined(p) itself with the tools that would have been perfect for the last war that it fought. This is all combined to highlight the fact that almost no one truly paid much attention to the crisis until it was staring them in the face, or, more appropriately, shambling towards them. other prevalent theme that Brooks considers in World War Z is not only that of fear, but the uncertainty that breeds that fear. Zombies are the perfect harbinger of the apocalypse because they do not play by the handed-down rules of the game. Any other enemy, be it another nation or a assemblage of terrorists, initiates or receives an attack and then(prenominal) this sort of back-and-forth warfare begins where you go and fight them and then they retaliate. Zombies ha ve no wartime strategy or vendetta against any particular group. They are thoughtless, infectious humanoids who are driven by one of the most basic instincts of seeking out their next object of consumption. It is the unmindfulness of the zombie theme that plays so dead into the apocalyptic genre and furthermore the fear of an enemy that acts more like a virus than a predator.A predator is naturally intelligent and knows not to over-hunt its territory, lest it starve to death. Zombies are undead, and will just continue to infect and consume despite everything. Although the zombie war was rightfully portrayed as a disastrous event, there were some good things that seemed to come out of the war. For example, cooperation between Israel and the coterminous Muslim countries greatly increased during the huge Panic. Israel opened its borders to everyone regardless of their race or religious affiliation.Although this was only for a presently time, this act spoke volumes throughout the world. plot of land this may be a somewhat too beau idealistic portrayal of what could kick downstairs in a situation such as the one presented in World War Z, it is inspirational to imagine countries that were in one case enemies band together to face a common enemy in order to survive. Perhaps one of the more affect stories in World War Z is how Brooks imagines Cuba dealing with the zombie crisis and even coming out as one of the worlds postwar superpowers. Cuba became an ideal refuge for a number of reasons.Besides being surrounded by Caribbean waters, which gave Cubans time to erect for the invasion, their lack of diplomatic ties to the United States, their militaristic dictatorship and their generally well-educated humanity helped to resist the first waves of zombies. Early outbreaks were handled in brutal fashion and the Cuban military fortified their shorelines early on and only let in the most coveted workers and talent. Although Cuba was by no means spared from the big(p) fighting during the war, their early successes made them one of, if not the most desirable nation to flee to (Brooks, 2006 228-233).World War Z is a novel that redefined and repopularized a genre while also giving a thought-provoking take in on how the world exponent react to a disaster on a worldwide scale. Max Brooks writes his novel with such a treat and realistic perspective that one might be misled into thinking that a zombie apocalypse is something that could actually happen in the future. The personal accounts of people help to give a frighteningly accurate commentary on modern society by playing into innate human fear and desire to survive.All in all, World War Z takes a serious, geopolitical and sociopolitical look at a fantastical preface and disastrous event with a stinging eye for detail. He also shows just how resilient man can be when faced with extreme adversity. Brooks, Max. 2006. World War Z an oral history of the zombie war. 1st ed. New York Crown. In ayatulla, Naeem. 2009. Why do some people think they know what is good for others? in Global political science a new introduction, edited by Jenny Edkins and Maja Zehfuss, (New York Routledge), Ch. 15, pp. 344-369.
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